Adam, the first human being according to the Judeo-Christian-Islamic
family of religions, is associated with angel lore in several accounts.
His most significant interaction surrounds the Ejection from the Garden,
as reported in Genesis (3:23–24).
In this chapter of Genesis, the overriding struggle is internal
when man must choose between his relationship and obedience to
God, who has established the limits of man’s destiny, and his own
free will.
Temptation occurs through the medium of a serpent (often identified
as Satan), representing cleverness and magical power, who awakens
Eve’s desire for the forbidden Tree of Knowledge, the fruit of
which has been prohibited by God. The serpent suggests that God has
deceived her by saying that the fruit will bring death. Eve accepts the
fruit, and then offers it to Adam, who by eating it accepts to exchange
“life” for knowledge. It has been suggested that the eating of the fruit
represents man’s attempt to take what he does not rightfully possess,
what belongs to God alone, and what only he can control.
The first thing that Adam and Eve realize after eating the fruit
is that they are naked; along with this realization comes shame.
Their instinctive reaction is to hide, to exculpate. But the consequences
of their action is inescapable, and suffering and misery
enter the world, while the serpent becomes a symbol of evil. Paradise
is irretrievably lost.
“The Lord God banished him from the Garden of Eden to work
the ground from which he had been taken. After he drove the man
out, he placed on the east side of the Garden of Eden cherubim and
a flaming sword flashing back and forth to guard the way to the tree
of life.”
The cherubim mentioned in this episode are known from ancient
Near Eastern lore as mythological winged animals, usually with
human faces. This episode belongs to the Acts of the Holy Angels, a
series of eleven biblical incidents that have constituted a traditional
theme for Catholic artists.
Beyond the Genesis narrative, of particular importance is the tale
that involves the angel Lucifer, whose jealousy of Adam ultimately
led to his fall from heaven and the beginning of his career as the master
of evil. In the Cabala, Adam is Tipereth (Beauty), the sixth sephira.
In the apocryphal work the Apocalypse of Moses, Adam is taken
bodily into heaven in a fiery chariot driven by Michael, a tale clearly
reminiscent of Elijah’s ascension. There is also a story, recorded in the
Revelation of Moses, that the four archangels buried Adam.
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